During the late years of the Qin Dynasty (221－206BC), Xiang Yu led a rebellion. After crossing the Zhang River, Xiang Yu ordered his men to sink all their boats and break their cooking pots. He issued each soldier three days' rations and warned them that there was no way to retreat; the only thing they could do to survive was to advance and fight. After nine fierce battles, the Qin army was finally defeated.

The idiom is used to indicate one's firm determination to achieve one's goal at any cost.

pò fǔ chén zhōu
破釜沉舟

    秦朝（公元前221—公元前206）末年，楚霸王项羽率领部队与秦军作战。部队渡过漳河以后，项羽命令士兵把所有的船只都毁掉沉到河底，把行军的饭锅全部打碎，每人只发给三天的粮食。项羽这样做的目的，是向大家表示只能胜利前进、不能失败后退的决心。果然，部队经过九次激烈的战斗，终于打垮了秦军。

    这个成语比喻下定最后的决心，不顾一切干到底。

bìng rù gāo huāng
病入膏肓
The disease has attacked the vitals – beyond cure; be incurably ill

biǎo lǐ rú yī
表里如一
think and act in one and the same way; be honest and straightforward
bié kāi shēng miàn
别开生面
develop a new style; be fresh ground; be out of the common run

diào hǔ lí shān
调虎离山
lure the tiger out of his mountain or lair; entice the enemy away from his entrenchment

mèi shàng qī xià
媚上欺下
fawn upon one's superior and bully one's subordinates

wèn xīn wú kuì
问心无愧
have a clear conscience; not have a guilty conscience

Source: China Internet Information Center